The implementation of cloud computing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4100 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Tags: Cloud Computing Essay Did you like this example? 1. INTRODUCTION The German Roto group, established in 1935 by the inventor and entrepreneur Wilhelm Frank, comprises two divisions: Window and Door Hardware as well as Roof and Solar Technology. The concern, both divisions together, employs around 4,000 employees worldwide and generates a turnover of 620 million Euro. The division Roto Roof and Solar Technology, which is focused in this report and mentioned Roto, is characterised by 1,200 employees, 3 manufacturing facilities and 20 sales offices in Europe. The headquarters is located in Bad Mergentheim (Germany) and employs about 700 people including approximately 75 sales representatives. Key products and services Rotobelongs to theworlds leadingmanufacturersofroof windows (PVC and timber), accessories and solar systems. Appendix 2 presents the varied product range of Roto which is focused on an innovative portfolio of energy saving, energy recovery and comfort on the pitched roof. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The implementation of cloud computing" essay for you Create order The corporate structure of Roto is concentrated on an ultra-modern manufacturing and future-oriented, lean production control. The affiliated logistics centre provides just-in-time deliveries to the authorised dealers. Organisation and management of the company include the fields of accounting, construction, human resources, IT support, purchasing department, sales and service centres. The integrated modern training centre RotoCampus qualifies Roto partners by theoretical seminars and practical workshops. In addition, the powerful value chain at Roto is complemented by a specifically customer orientation and superior service. For instance, the Roto Dialogue Centre has the main task to offer qualified product advices to private customer by phone and email. On the other hand, the technical service complaints processing for private customer as well as roofing trade professionals. A significant value illustrates the Roto ProfiLiga, an exclusive customer club for efficiency oriented roofer. The participation includes a membership fee and the bonus and benefits system is based on the number of installed Roto products by the member. Business strategy Roto products are marketed on the three-step distribution channel (Business-to-Business) The entity is consistently oriented on the professional partnership with authorised specialised dealers, professionals in the roofing and solar trade such as roofers and carpentries, public housing associations, building promoter as well as architects. In May 2010, Roto has been able to call itself Best Factory in Germany 2010 after winning a major industrial award and the final decision was made by a panel of industry experts as well as trade journalists. Relationship with external partners and facilities In the context of product marketing and training activities, Roto cooperates with a number of roofing associations, master schools and guilds associations. Even in terms of the production-technical and logistics management, the entity collaborates with a variety of suppliers such as the Hein transport company, a regional carrier for national and international logistic systems. QCells and Hilti are involved at the completion of products in the fields of solar technology. In addition, federal and country-specific sponsors provide financing opportunities for solar systems in opposite to private customers. It should also be mentioned that Roto produces the flashing materials for other solar manufacturers. Further business relations in the fields of the roof windows production exist with Saint-Gobain Glass or the profile manufacturer Rehau. In relation to the IT Infrastructure, Roto maintains an internal contact to the other business division in terms of the Siebel CRM system. Further associations exist with the companies RocketMedia as well as Eggheads in the fields of product information management and cross-media publishing. The homepage URL of Roto is: https://www.roto-frank.com Authorisation Hannes Katzschner requested this report on 13 April 2011. Based on an analysis of the existing IT infrastructure at Roto and its significant role within the business processes, the report describes the strategy of cloud computing as a solution for a cost-efficient, flexible and adequate usage of information technology in future. Scope of the report The report consists of the following three scopes: an inventory of the existing Roto IT infrastructure considering of internal and external utilization, the presentation of cloud computing including its benefits, product specific characteristics as well as recommendations for the integration of cloud computing in the future strategic direction of the IT infrastructure at Roto. The analysis is based on provided information by Roto, research findings from online IT materials and expert knowledge of cloud computing, in particular, providers such as IBM. In addition, figures, tables and statistics enhances the IT processes at Roto and illustrate the varied possibilities and applications of cloud computing. 2. THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON THE DAILY BUSINESS PROCESS 2.1The infrastructure components of information technology at Roto Roto possess a centralized corporate structure. The combination of manufacturing as well as organisation and management results in financial benefits in terms of the production development, market cultivation and commercial exploitation. As a consequence, different specific requirements within the entity suggest various applications in information technologies. For a detailed overview about the Roto infrastructure system, see Appendix 3. The data management relies on the IBM database DB2. This relational database enables Roto to adapt its analysis and required business information to the changing market conditions. The actual technical advantage can be used immediately as an economic advantage. However, the basic requirements for a meaningful and processing use of the data will be generate by the knowledge of the Structured Query Language (SQL), the appropriate database design and its clear documentation. Today, SQL is one of the most frequented data manipulation languages and in connection with a database management system (DBMS) this specialised language is used to add, change, delete, and retrieve the data in the database (Laudon and Laudon 2010, p. 245). Furthermore, this language contains commands that permit end users and programming specialists to extract data from the database to satisfy information requests and develop applications (Laudon and Laudon 2010, p. 245). Important IT infrastructure component: Enterprise Software Applications The SolidWorks 3D-Construction software, which is used by the Roto construction department, supports the planning and creation of products. The CAD functions (computer-aided design) contribute to design detailed product solutions in a quick and inexpensive way. Furthermore, the results are used for component parts lists, installation manuals, technical documentations and planning sheets. The compressed data of the CAD drawings are available on the Roto website and can be downloaded from architects and Roto partners. As a window manufacturer, Roto is using the application of the 3E-Look Window software for capacity planning, production controlling and assembly planning. At the end of the production process, the cost will be determined by a post-calculation. The powerful window software is compatible with all windows-based Enterprise Resource Planning-systems (ERP) and the MS Access as well as MS SQL bases. The SAP (ERP) applications are the most significant IT tools at Roto and affect the cross-departmental business processes sustainably. Appendix 4 illustrates the usage of SAP in selected Roto departments. However, in spite of the efficient process optimisation, the SAP applications include limitations such as possible erroneous data and the accounting control by the workflow takes a long time and requires intensive research on the price verification. Based on the cost intensity and restricted licensing, the access to the SAP system is restricted and a limited number of employees are be able to work with this application. A further common application at Roto is the Customer Relationship Management (CRM) by Siebel. The figure below represents the architecture, systems and interfaces. Siebel Web Client Siebel Server SAP ERP Siebel Mobile Client MS Access Lotus Notes SAP Business Information Warehouse (BW) (Adapted from internal information, Roto 2010 at www.slideshare.net) At a high level, the Siebel architecture consists of Web clients that access the business data, a web server that handles interactions with the Web clients, servers that manage the business data and provide batch and interactive service clients as well as a relational database and file system that store business data (https://www.slideshare.net/MICLADE/05-ess-architecture-presentation, 2008). For the implemented Siebel components at Roto, see Appendix 5. Roto sales representative will be supplied with information about customers, number of sales and revenue figures. On the other side, they are responsible to report all relevant customer data and activities to the Roto management in relation to the view of the market, competition assessment, budget and acquisition planning. Siebel as a customer contact manager supports also the Roto service centres in the daily operating processes. Based on the compatibility with other IT systems, Siebel offers the option to access the MS Access database and associated merge function in MS Word by using the Open Data Base Connectivity (ODBC). The data export from Siebel contributes to the preparation and execution of planned marketing campaigns. On the contrary, the technical service uses the CRM system for its customer service management and the documentation of service requests in the system. Finally, in relation to the complaint processing, the integrated knowledge data base is a valuable support. 2.2Further variations of information technology within the Roto organisation The product information management system (PIM) cmi24 as a media-neutral database manages all relevant Roto product data such as images, text and technical specifications. The data will be directly input from existing database systems via export and import routines or automatically from existing set of files such as InDesign. The cmi24 database is mainly used in the marketing department, the PIM system illustrates a central tool of the product management. The implementation of cmi24 and involvement in the realisation of print materials has led to significant cost savings in opposite to external service providers. Lotus Notes contributes to improving and simplifying Roto`s internal work processes. In addition to the available email usage, the calendar function, conference management and integrated database plays an essential role. The marketing department uses the integrated database for the storage and transfer of enormous printing and image data. 3. CLOUD COMPUTING ADEQUATE AND COST-EFFICIENT INFORMATION SERVICE 3.1 Definition and service tools Roto has a multifaceted IT infrastructure and in relation to accomplish more data storage capacity, the management of extensive customer data as well as the acquisition of further upgrades often lead to cost-intensive and time-consuming challenges. In regard to an optimal solution, effective and efficient IT processes combined with appropriate automation of deployment and services are necessary. Cloud computing as a strategic IT concept opens Roto new methods to master the requirements of reducing operating costs and improve service quality. Cloud computing means the flexible, customised, cost-efficient and customer-oriented usage of IT services from the cloud. The term cloud computing gets its name as a metaphor for the Internet (Velte et al. 2010, p. 3). In essence, cloud computing is a construct that allows you to access applications that actually reside at a location other than your computer or other Internet-connected device; most often, this will be a distant datacenter (Velte et al. 2010, p. 4). Cloud computing are integrated, scalable applications for business processes and encompasses on-demand infrastructure (computers, storage, networks) and on-demand software (operating systems, applications, middleware, management and development tools). The on-demand infrastructure and its technical basis components Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Web 2.0 capabilities Social Networking Cloud-based software development Cloud-based service hubs that provide such as billing, administration and other complementary services SaaS is a software distribution which must be able to interact with other data and other applications in an equally wide variety of environments and platforms (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 50). Two other web service tools should not remain unmentioned: Infrastructure-as-a-Service (Iaas) and Platform-as-a Service (PaaS). IaaS leverages significant technology, services, and data center investments to deliver IT as a service to customers (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 34). In contrast, IaaS is centered around a model of service delivery that provisions a predefined, standardized infrastructure specifically optimized for the customer`s applications (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 34). In addition, IaaS providers manage the transition and hosting of selected applications on their infrastructure (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 34). On the other hand, the PaaS model makes all of the facilities required to support the complete life cycle of building and delivering web applications and services entirely available from the Internet, all with no software downloads or installation for developers, IT managers, or end users (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 48). Furthermore, PaaSofferings include workflow facilities for application design, application development, testing, deployment, and hosting, as well as application services such as virtual offices, team collaboration, database integration, security, scalability, storage, persistence, state management, dashboard instruments etc. (Rittinghouse and Ransome 2010, p. 49). Appendix 6 demonstrates that, in particular, Hardware capacity (processing power and storage space), email and business applications are mainly outsourced to the cloud. 3.2 Benefits and cloud variants As a fundamental strategic IT concept, cloud computing would open Roto new perspectives to accept upcoming challenges. Strategies for successful business development can be implemented by the integration and linking of different provided models. Roto benefits from a high scalable pool of resources and can expand the limitations of their own virtual data centre. In addition, the system provides many available services such as applications, development, testing and storage services via social network and Web conferencing by an external backup service. Cloud computing will help Roto to answer the question in relation to the own capacities in its IT. Furthermore, Roto`s investment in new hardware and software can be reduced while the capacity of the system will increase. Services from the cloud offer the IT at Roto and individual users much more freedom to conduct a business as well as applications and providers. Finally, cloud computing accelerates the implementation of new business models and business processes such as mergers and acquisitions. Clouds can be classified in three different types: Public cloud Private cloud Hybrid cloud Cloud computing services are made available to the general public on payment demand. The access takes place by the Internet. Several companies use the services of the cloud provider on a common platform. Is used when the cloud infrastructure company want to deploy by themselves inside their company firewall and company perform the management of in-house cloud by itself. The access is limited to a defined group of users within the company. An enterprise can keep their critical, confidential data, information and applications within their firewall, while hosting the non critical information ones on a public cloud. (Adapted from Aslam et al. 2010, p. 400) 3.3 Providers of cloud services The cloud computing technology has the task of helping companies to optimise and manage dynamically their IT infrastructure. Appendix 7, basedon astudyby U.S. market research enterpriseBTCLogic, shows the Top10 cloud computing providers of 2011. As a result, Amazon and IBM are characterised as the leading providers of cloud computing. The figure below shows the relationship between users and providers of cloud computing. It is focused on cloud computing effects on cloud providers and SaaS privders/cloud users. Appendix 8 presents the benefits and disadvantages of the main cloud computing providers. 3.4 The costs of cloud computing Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) is one of the most important market segments for cloud computing. Thus, Roto has the opportunity to purchase the required infrastructure resources such as computing power in the form of virtual servers and storage in a short-term. The company would pay only for the resources (usually per hour or gigabytes) which actually used within a period of time. A direct comparison with different cloud services is quite difficult. In addition, relevant price criteria in terms of computing, license, memory and storage are required to calculate the financial effort in detail. Every IT leader will be familiar with these essential information which also include technical background and IT specific knowledge. However, the following table shows where CIOs underestimate costs: Cloud Computing Enterprise Computing Bandwidth requirements for remote access to applications Opportunities lost through commitment of capital Monitoring (may require custom development) Risk of being overtaken by cloud start-ups with lower overhead Integration with legacy systems Operating and capital expenditures Migrating applications Investments in failed deployments Ensuring capacity in a shared model Software upgrades, testing and rollout Hardware upgrades, replacing servers System administration Storage, backup, disaster recovery (Adapted from Carr, DF 2011, p. 20) In addition, Appendix 9 shows an example of a cost comparison between the two IaaS providers IBM and Amazon and is focused on the cost and type of the virtual server. 3.5 Data protection and data security Many decision-makers recognize security concerns as a main reason if they are sceptical of cloud computing. Furthermore, a Global Risk Survey conducted by IBMs institute for Business Value found that cloud computing raised serious concerns about the access to and use and control of data: 77% of respondents believe that adopting cloud computing makes protecting privacy more difficult; 50% are concerned about a data breach or loss; and 23% worry about a weakening of corporate network security (IBM 2010). Risks which were previously in the user`s own sphere of influence are shifting by working with an external service provider. Thus, security combined with cloud computing possesses a high relevancy and an important decision criterion. IBM offers its customers a cloud security strategy such as safety function or security tools which includes also measures for the public cloud services. The company aims to help both users and providers of cloud computing more easily navigate security challenges through new cloud security planning and assessment services, managed services tohelp clients secure their clouds, and the introduction of several technology innovations from its global research labs (IBM 2010, p. 5). 4. RECOMMENDATIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING ADAPTION Before the adaption of cloud computing can be realised, it is important to identify the own benefits and costs of each approach. At the same time, the question should be asked what cost advantages resulting from the integration of existing systems in a cloud. 4.1 Analysis of the usageand planned measures within the IT infrastructure Based on the available IT infrastructure and business strategy of Roto for the coming years, it is significant to define the objectives, necessary capacities and measures. The strategic planning should consider an analysis of the financial investment, time-consuming expenses and additional personnel resources which were previously required for new applications, updates or changes in existing systems. The analysis must include the deficits at present, for instance, how often the DB2 database has been extended for additional storage capacity due to increasing the amounts of data or how often the function of the server was significantly limited by the transfer of large amounts of data. In addition, it should be questioned which planned updates in the Siebel CRM system could not be implemented due to limited financial resources. Finally, the capacity in system administration and expenditure on external IT service providers must also be considered. The analysis should also include the unforeseen financial measures needed to be made, which planned IT measures are not or only limited realised yet and which investments in IT infrastructure are provided in the following five-year business strategy. For instance, an email interface in Siebel has not been realised yet because the standard interfaces of the CRM system are concentrated to Microsoft Outlook instead of Lotus Notes. Another example is the missing interface between Siebel and SAP for the exchange of customer data and product data. There is no doubt that limited server capacities as well as the usage of SAP and Siebel illustrate a significant cost factor within the IT budget. These applications in combination with new service tools are the basis for a well-structured and effectively operating cloud. Based on the previous described IT infrastructure it can be seen that Roto uses a number of applications which could be covered with an appropriate IBM cloud package. The cloud provider supports the development of an appropriate strategy by a component analysis (based on the current in the Roto IT infrastructure determined values), makes recommendations in relation to the right cloud type and illustrates best practice methods which were used successfully in other companies. In addition, an important key element for the functional design of a cloud strategy is to select the optimal IT deployment models for various IT services, the degree of standardisation of business processes, applications and infrastructure. IBM as a cloud provider supplies an appropriate support to establish a service-oriented infrastructure with a service-based management which offer transparency, control and automation. 4.2 Adaption of cloud computingsupports Roto and business partners In relation to a well-structured cloud it is important to clarify which IT tools will be used by the business partners and how an adaption could be made. For example, Roto uses the server access (FTP) of print companies and publicity agencies to exchange extensive print data. In addition, the material purchase orders to suppliers will be partly conducted by SAP. In spite of existing different systems, for example, a private cloud would help Roto and its business partners to exchange relevant data and services, which are required to complete the business activities, on an efficient and safe way. Both sides profit by a reduction of the personnel costs for configuration, a significant lowering of licence expenses, a fast data transfer and a professional management infrastructure. IBM offers a private cloud, which also includes all the characteristics of the public cloud and, in addition, the security of the corporate firewall. In comparison to capital and licensing costs in the past, significant savings can be achieved. Independently, the structured cloud services lead to a reduction of software defects which are often caused by incorrect configurations and inadequate modelling. 4.3 Competitive advantages by cloud computing In relation to the question of a successful IT-based business strategy and the required tools, it is recommended to consider information about the IT infrastructure of the direct competitor (Velux). Although the individual components are not accessible to the public, the distribution channel customer, suppliers and cooperation can be used to obtain the desired information. In cooperation with Brosig online team, the competitor has developed a Germany-wide Internet ordering system for a business-to-business application. This project is already under discussion at Roto but due to the additional costs and resources capacity it was not realised so far. The establishment of ecommerce and the direct merchandising of Roto accessories products via the Internet might be considered in the adaption of cloud computing. Goodburn and Hill (2010, p. 35) add that: Cloud is bringing about transformational change in value chains, enabling companies to respond much more effectively to customer demand. With the combination of SaaS and the cloud platform GROUP Live the provider IBM offers especially in opposite to medium-sized enterprises the opportunity to benefit from the trade by ecommerce. The consideration of highest security standards does not only result in a competitive advantage in the dynamic markets but rather a large number of customers will be guaranteed by a maximal reliability and scalability. Finally, an implementation of the required software by the cloud and the involvement of business partners such as builder`s merchants benefits the acquisition of new customers. 5. CONCLUSIONS 5.1 Summary of findings The report has analysed that IT organisations are increasingly confronted with new economic challenges. In addition, the IT infrastructure burdens the annual IT budget with costs more than 80 per cent. At present, the reduction of operating costs, capital expenditures and risks is combined with an improvement of service quality and growth of further innovations. The analysis of the existing IT infrastructure and used IT components at Roto have illustrated that ideal conditions exist for the implementation of cloud computing. In addition, most of the described problems in the report, which are caused by cost and capacity-related aspects, can be solved with services from the cloud. The report presents that IBM is the only one provider in Germany whereby a genuine public cloud service can be found and the receipt of infrastructure resources are uncomplicated, flexible and available on demand. The research has shown that IBM and Roto have similarities in relation to the common usage of t he database DB2, Siebel, SAP and Lotus Notes. Furthermore, the provider guarantees an implementation of the cloud computing solution within a short-term. High security measures and a cloud computing centre in Germany are further aspects which argue for IBM as a suitable partner of Roto. In comparison to the competition such as Amazon, IBM is not a low price cloud provider but reliability and perfect scores within the international ranking are positive indicators for this IT specialist. In cooperation with other business partners, for instance, the private cloud illustrates the perfect entry into the cloud system. 5.2 Limitations of the report This report has been prepared to highlight resources as well as technical capabilities to improve the cost transparency and service quality in the IT infrastructure of Roto by investing in cloud computing. Keine Preisauskunft von IBM gegenber Privatpersonen Exakte Preiskalkulation erfordert das detaillierte Wissen der IT Spezialisten IT Infrastruktur des direkten Wettbewerbs nicht ermittelbar Zeitaufwand zur Implementierung nicht ermittelbar Based on the IBM sales strategy business-to-business, details about costs for IBM cloud strategies cannot be ascertained by private consumer.

Audit Doctrine of Privity and Case Study - 2437 Words

Doctrine of Privity Doctrine of privity of a contract dictates that only parties to a contract will have rights or obligations arising under a contract to hinder the imposition of burdens on and the granting of contractually enforceable rights to third parties. The doctrine constitutes a barrier to freedom of contract that can frustrate the intention of the parties by not allowing them to confer mutually advantageous benefits on third parties, or lead to negative outcomes such as unjust enrichment and the prevention of third parties from justifiably vindicating their rights under the main contract. Therefore, exceptions and alternatives remedies have emerged to overcome situations where the doctrine would lead to an unfair or†¦show more content†¦An invitation to treat may be seen as a request for expressions of interest as per the case of Fisher v Bell (1961). a) As to her legal relationship / obligations to Ben The first scenario states that Ann an antique coin dealer displayed gold plated 1839 five pounds (299g) 86X7 mm coin along with a description for offer at  £350’. Ben noticed the offer as he walked past the shop and wanted to buy it. Unfortunately he was running out of time as he has to attend a meeting. After his meeting, he went back to Ann’s shop to ask further questions about the coin. Ben told Ann that he would give a definite answer by Monday. Later that same day, he wrote a letter agreeing to buy the coin at the stated price of  £350. On Monday morning, Ann received Ben’s letter before Daisy arrive to make her payments. By virtue of Ann putting the coin on display for sale is merely an invitation to treat as per the case of Fisher v. Bell, whereby the display of a flick knife in a shop is the same. as it was held in the case that by displaying a product is nothing more than an invitation to treat and it is up to the ‘would-be purchaser’ to pick up the goods, in this case is the coin and bring it to the cashier to make an offer as per the case of Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v. Boots Cash Chemist. Hereby, it is a humble opinion that on the facts within the first paragraph, there was no offer made in that instant.Show MoreRelatedSolution to Auditing and Assurance Service: 1,12,B, 329605 Words   |  119 Pagesterms of: (1) obtaining and evaluating evidence about assertions management makes about economic actions and events, (2) ascertaining the degree of correspondence between the assertions and the appropriate reporting framework, and (3) providing an audit report (opinion). 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Symbolism In Cather And The Rye Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Symbols of backstop and The Rye In the book Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger, there are many symbols. A symbol is something that represents something else by association or resemblance. An illustration of a symbol that was reoccurring throughout the book is the runing cap. This is a symbol for seeking. Holden, the chief character in the book, buys a hunting cap. This is a symbol for runing for Holden # 8220 ; runing # 8221 ; for a significance in his life. Holden ever knocking about how everyone is bogus and he neer truly pays attending to his life. When he buys the hunting cap, it is as if he is seeking for the intent in his life. Besides him have oning the chapeau backward is like when a backstop wears his helmet backwards and Holden wants to be a # 8220 ; backstop in the rye. # 8221 ; The 2nd illustration of a symbol is the ducks. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism In Cather And The Rye Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page J.D Salinger refers to the ducks though out the narrative. Holden is ever look intoing for where the ducks went. The ducks are a symbol for Holden # 8217 ; s life. Whenever the ducks leave and move on Holden does the same thing. There is an indirect connexion between the ducks and Holden # 8217 ; s life. The carrousel could besides be an illustration of a symbol. When his younger sister Phoebe is siting the auto ousel Holden wants to halt her from seeking to catch a aureate ring in the top because he is afraid she is traveling to fall. Then he stops himself because he realizes that people have to larn from their errors so they neer do it once more. Another manner the carrousel is a symbol is that it symbolizes Holden’s life because the carrousel goes about and about and it is like the ceaseless rhythm of life. The Equus caballuss move up and down and that would typify the ups and downs or good times and bad times in life. The foils are besides a good illustration of symbolism. When Holden left the foils on the metro, it shows that Holden is irresponsible. It besides showed that he has no defence or protection in life. The foils are arms and are used for protection and now that they are lost it symbolizes how Holden has to support him self all entirely and there is no 1 to assist him. The concluding illustration of a symbol in Catcher in the Rye is the baseball hand. It symbolizes Holden # 8217 ; s feelings toward Allie. When he wrote the essay for Stradlater, he wrote about how much he loves/ misses his brother. There are many symbols in the book Catcher in the Rye. Many of them had to make with Holden # 8217 ; s life and the manner he feels. The symbols were stated up above.

Truman Capote Essay Example

Truman Capote Essay Capotes biographer, Gerald Clarke, has suggested that In Perry [Smith] [Truman] recognised his shadow, his dark side, the embodiment of his own accumulated angers and hurts. Given Capotes strong sense of identification with his primary subject, discuss the extent to which the character of Perry Smith can be seen as sympathetically portrayed in Capotes novel. Evaluate the appropriateness of any such depiction given Smiths status as a multiple killer. Smith, an aggressive and somewhat mentally perturbed individual, much like his father, had been incarcerated in 1956 for jailbreak, car theft and grand larceny, in the state of Kansas, and was sentenced to a minimum of five to ten years. In the state penitentiary was where he first met Richard Hickock. In prison together they schemed to raid Herbert Clutters household for a safe which Hickock had been informed by Floyd Wells (another Kansas State Penitentiary inmate) contained a large sum of money believed to be no less than ten thousand dollars. Wells, who had worked for Clutter, had been adamant that the farmer kept a substantial measure of money in his southwestern Kansas farm home. We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Truman Capote specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When Smith became eligible for parole in 1959 he visited his father in Reno, Nevada, and planned to go with Tex, his father, away to Alaska. However once again like many times before the two fell out and Smith left. He spent four weeks in Las Vegas until getting in contact with Hickock once again upon his release and duly left for Kansas City on November eleventh in order to map out exactly what needed to be done in the robbery. Throughout the course of the novel despite being a Cold Blooded murderer Truman Capotes portrayal of Smith is a perhaps strangely sympathetic one and often refers to him as having had very little opportunities in life and everything that could have gone wrong for him quite simply always does. Some critics of the book speculated that Capote, a publicly announced homosexual and a creation of a very distressing childhood, identified somewhat with Smiths traumatizing and mentally challenging childhood and grew close to him through a mutual understanding the two shared through this. Certainly there is evidence to suggest that in the five years Smith was on death row Capote and him grew close in a somewhat estranged relationship. George Plimpton, an author and editor, in Truman Capote, quoted Harold Nye, Kansas Bureau of Investigation agent, as unequivocally stating they had become lovers in the penitentiary, despite a distinct lack of substantial evidence of the events he said that they spent a lot of time up there in the cell, he spent a considerable amount of money bribing the guard to go around the corner , fuelling the fire of this statement Capote was unable to watch Smith be hanged after Hickock, even departing from the building overcome with grief. Already it would appear that perhaps the sympathy that Capote attributed to Smith through his novel was for that of someone he not only related to in sense of misgivings throughout his life, through a sense of being hard done by at every turn with the world against them, but conceivably because of a relationship developed through such misgivings and empathetic feelings that Capote developed towards Smith due to totally understanding his situation and perhaps feeling that in another life he could well have been in his very same position had events gone differently. From the very start of the novel when we first meet Perry Smith he forms the central character of the book. Capote is most interested in the trajectory of Smiths life toward the final, fatal deed, in which he murders the entire clutter family with Hickock, and the people, events, and conditions that shape his course. The problem of whether Smith is condemned from the beginning, or whether perhaps, as Willie Jay ,the chaplains clerk, believed, there was something savable about him, is answered by Capote through his inclusion of letters and sketches written by Smith and others who knew him, who confirm his vicious, off the wall, temper and his yet his dormant sensitivity. Capote purposefully makes clear that Smith is, as Helen Garson illustrated in her book Truman Capote, a strange, psychopathic mixture of vicious killer and compassionate protector which in itself presents a total contrast in emotions, actions and personalities. The idea that Smith is this cold blooded killer but at the same has a very compassionate side is portrayed with rigid regularity by capote with examples being when he placed a pillow under Kenyons (the Clutter boy) head, after performing the ultimate sin, a mattress box under Herb Clutters body, and even somewhat audaciously tucked Bonnie and Nancy Clutter into their beds after tying them. In addition in the book Garson also says how Capote, as narrator, concurs with the observation of psychiatrists he quotes that Smith, in the murder of Herb Clutter, was most likely exacting retribution on a key figure in some past traumatic configuration., even Perry Smith confesses, Maybe its just that the Clutters were the unlucky soles who had to pay for it, the proverbial it in this case being the life that Smith had to endure. Smiths desire for revenge against his abusers is rendered not only understandable but acceptable. In wiping out the Clutters, Smith is extinguishing not only the image and reality of all that he was denied, but the most respectable figures in an emblematically close-knit, vindictive community. Hickock and Smith originally went to prison for petty theft, an unfortunate circumstance that affected in entirety the rest of their lives. The degree of Smith and Hickocks indifference is seen when Hickock turns sharply to hit a dog, instead of simply pass it by, and when Smith explains that he thought Herb Clutter was a very decent, nice man, right up until the moment I cut his throat. Hickock does in fact improve his petty criminal behavior, developing a talent for passing bad checks, bedding married women, and passing in the world of decent humanity, while Smith develops an inconsistent aversion to drinking, indiscriminate sex, and unnecessary theft, although he is gripped with a desire to travel that prevents his commitment to anything that might resemble home or family. Once they had fallen off the generic, automated mechanism of upward mobility toward the american dream, the barriers to re-entry were too high to scale again, and, Capote implies, not interesting to Smith and Hickock. In this Capote is somewhat giving the American society and culture a bashing and using it as a scapegoat for crimes that many would have seen unforgivable. The American dream says anyone can be anything they desire, but all too often it is the ones that fall by the wayside that are more accountable than ones that reach prosperity. In the novel Capote includes letters written by Smiths family, the psychiatrist and befriended chaplains clerk, Willie Jay, which detail Smiths entire life and mental state. Smith is seen from these as a human with genuine intelligence and having a real sense of empathy and social integrity; however over time it has been warped into something quite undistinguishable through his traumatic life. As far as his family life went his mother died of alcoholism at a young age after choking on her sick, his brother and sister later committed suicide and another one of smiths sisters disowned him, never to want contact again (even when news of his execution reaches him she shows no real compassion) . Smith never got a formal education due to moving house regularly with his father, despite this he taught himself to play the guitar and to paint. He often read to increase his vocabulary and was very keen on making something of himself as a young man. During his youth he reads constantly and, being a bit of a prude, avoids vulgar literature and materials. In prison, he paints a portrait of Jesus for the prison chaplain, which leads Reverend Post to believe that Smith cannot be all that bad. Capotes recounting of Smiths childhood and family life begs the question whether Smiths crimes stem from inherent criminal tendencies, or whether he is pushed onto that path through circumstances beyond his control and with this he wants the reader to sympathise with Smith, showing that perhaps if the young man had been afforded the time, and upbringing he deserved then he could have been something very important to the world. This is all put to shame by the fact that murder cannot be forgiven, ho wever, in the circumstances of which Capote paints Smiths upbringing it becomes ever more clear and easier to understand why exactly it is he feels such sympathy for the man and why he paints him in such a positive light. In the novel moments before his death Smith turns to the warden and repents, It would be meaningless to apologize for what I did. Even inappropriate. But I do. I apologize. This is a clear indication perhaps of the man having a conscience, although we see rare glimpses of it thorough I think Capote put this in to leave the final feeling before the execution of his favorite character as one of sympathy on the level that he himself felt towards Smith. The idea that a hardened criminal would apologise and repent is somewhat unlikely and as a result the inclusion of such an act presents Perry Smith not in the light of a criminal but in virginal innocence (at one extreme) as it would seem to onlookers who knew his whole story (like Capote) that he, despite everything he went through, did in fact feel guilt for his actions and perhaps had given up on life too early. To reiterate, Capote argues, none too subtly, that Smith had considerable potential for a productive life had he not been abused and cast out throughout his life. In noting his sympathies for Smith, it is clear that Capote identifies and empathizes with Smith personally. But Capotes questioning of the relevance and righteousness of small-town values and priorities could be his own angry criticism of the world he himself inhabited: a false meritocracy in which his talents were inadequate unless accompanied by a biting, unrelenting charm. Capote depicts the hypocrisy of Smith and Hickocks trial and execution with similar precision; murder by an individual was illegitimate, but murder by the state was an accepted, even necessary means of satisfying a sense of reckoning and restoring order. The book is at the end of the day a criticism of societys handling of its children and its unwillingness to forgive those outside the boundaries of acceptable definition. Capotes portrayal of Smith as the victim of a self-righteous society reveals his own rejection of conformity and his identification with the antagonist anti-hero. Smiths chief fault, Capote believes, is not being a criminal, but attempting to transform the course set by childhood trauma and familial abuse and resist the depiction of himself by others. If Smith is not mentally ill, Capote believes that he has undeveloped violent tendencies, like everyone, which were fed a steady diet by a history of humiliating experiences. Capotes indifference to the sedate, predictable life of the Clutters supports his sympathetic portrayal of Smith. He does not valorise Smith or glorify the Clutters, but he endorses Smiths attempts to escape the stock characterization of problem child, juvenile delinquent, and finally, career crim inal. He does not similarly endorse the Clutters existence: Herb Clutter is a two-dimensional Everyman, icon of the American dream and the Puritan work ethic. To conclude, Capotes identification with Smith exists on several levels. He empathises with Smiths desire to escape his broken family history, to leave behind his horrific roots, and to enter and be accepted in a different social sphere. Capote, like Smith, came from a broken home, had no mother, and longed for celebrity status, or at least to be known. He did not complete his education, barely finishing high school, while Smith left school after the third grade. At the end of his life, Capote had been inducted into the world of fame and high society, but it was a false world of celebrities in which he was only a trophy, fashionable but marginal, and he was ultimately expelled from it for gossiping about them in print. In a sense, his celebrity seemed to make him even more sympathetic to the killers: why should he, also the product of a broken home, an outcast, without a complete formal education, run in such inflated circles while Smith did not? To say that it is inappropriate to sy mpathise with such a person, being a multiple killer though he is, is in the case somewhat understandable. Capote tries to engross the reader into a world far from that which most will have been a part of, but yet a world that exists perhaps almost behind closed doors. He led a hard life, not too dissimilar to Smith and yet he flourished, it shows that one choice or one circumstance can change who we are at any stage, and I think, like I said early, in another life Capote sees himself as being Perry Smith, so he feels empathy towards the man who he construes as potentially himself in a parallel existence.